New Insights on the Etiology of Vitiligo, Association of LncRNAs and Certain Immunological Parameters with the Expression of Melanin Concentration, Hormone, and Sirtuin 1 Genes in Generalized and Segmented Vitiligo
Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are a type of non-coding, genetic material of LncRNAs that are more than 200 bp in length and have the ability to regulate gene expression. This study aimed to detect the expression levels of lncRNA SIRT-1, MCH, IL-17, IL-33, and IFNγ in subjects with vitiligo and to investigate the possible correlation between lncRNAs and the parameters of the study. Methods: The study was conducted on 30 patients with generalized vitiligo(GV) (patients were treated and untreated), 30 patients with segmented vitiligo (SV) )( patients were treated and untreated), and 25 Healthy control (HC) serum concentration of IL-17, IL-33, IFNγ, SIRT 1, and PMCH were determined using ELISE and gene expression analysis of LncRNA SIRT-1 and LncRNA PMCH was performed in patients with GV and SV to elucidate their potential roles in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Results: LncRNA SIRT-1 expression was significantly higher in GV than in SV (p=0.030, Mann-Whitney test), with mean expression levels of 2.851 (SE: 1.052) and 0.507 (SE: 0.134), respectively. In contrast, no significant difference in LncRNA PMCH expression was observed between the two vitiligo types. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the deregulated expression of expressions of LncRNA SIRT-1 and LncRNA PMCH in patients with vitiligo, suggesting that both contribute to the pathogenesis of vitiligo, perhaps through serum SIRT-1, MCH downregulation, and IL-17 upregulation.
Keywords: Vitiligo, long noncoding RNAs, Sirtuin 1 gene, melanin-concentrating hormone, interleukins
Full Text:
PDFReferences
JOGE RR, KATHANE PU, and JOSHI SH. Vitiligo: A Narrative Review. Cureus, 2022, 14(9): e29307. doi: 10.7759/cureus.29307
SAID-FERNANDEZ SL, SANCHEZ-DOMÍNGUEZ CN, SALINAS-SANTANDER MA et al. Novel immunological and genetic factors associated with vitiligo: a review. Exp. Ther. Med., 2021, 21(4):312. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9743
SPEECKAERT R, LAMBERT J, BULAT V et al. Autoimmunity in segmental vitiligo. Front. Immunol., 2020, 11: 568447. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.568447
ALHELF M, RASHED LA, RAGAB N, & ELMASRY MF. Association between long noncoding RNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 and microRNA-377 in vitiligo. Int J Dermatol., 2022, 61(2): 199-207. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15669
MATTICK JS, AMARAL PP, CARNINCI P et al. Long non-coding RNAs: Definitions, functions, challenges, and recommendations. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol., 2023, 24(6): 430–447. doi: 10.1038/s41580-022-00566-8
LOU Z, ZHU J, LI X, et al. The lncRNA Sirt1-AS upregulates Sirt1 to attenuate aging-related deep venous thrombosis. Aging (Albany NY), 2021, 13(5): 6918. doi: 10.18632/aging.202550
MERCER TR, DINGER, ME, MATTICK, JS. Long non-coding RNAs: insights into functions. Nat. Rev. Genet., 2009, 10(3): 155-159. doi: 10.1038/nrg2521
PRIDA E, FERNÁNDEZ-GONZÁLEZ S, PENA-LEÓN V, et al. Crosstalk between Melanin Concentrating Hormone and Endocrine Factors: Implications for Obesity. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2022, 23(5): 2436. doi: 10.3390/ijms23052436
MADELAINE R, NGO KJ, SKARIAH G, & MOURRAIN P. Genetic deciphering of the antagonistic activities of the melanin-concentrating hormone and melanocortin pathways in skin pigmentation. PLoS Genet., 2020, 16(12): e1009244. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009244
YANG Y, LIU Y, WANG Y, et al. Regulation of SIRT1 and its roles in inflammation. Front. Immunol., 2022, 13: 831168. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.831168
El-KARIM A, GAMAL R, ABDEL-MAWLA MY, IBRAHIM A-SM, and KHALIFA N. Serum level of IL-33 in vitiligo. Zagazig Univ. Med. J., 2023, 29(1.2): 149–154. doi: 10.21608/zumj.2020.42684.1941
CUSTURONE P, DI BARTOLOMEO L, IRRERA N, et al. Role of cytokines in vitiligo: pathogenesis and possible targets for old and new treatments. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2021, 22(21): 11429. doi: 10.3390/ijms222111429
HATICE A, and GÖNÜL M. Increased risk of metabolic syndrome in patients with vitiligo. Balkan Med. J., 2017, 34(3): 219–225. doi: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2016.1005
KARAGÜN E, and BAYSAK S. Levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, IL-37 cytokines in patients with active vitiligo. Aging Male, 2020, 23(5): 1487–1492. doi: 10.1080/13685538.2020.1806814
ZHOU L, SHI YL, LI K, et al. Increased circulating Th17 cells and elevated serum levels of TGF‐beta and IL‐21 are correlated with human non‐segmental vitiligo development. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res., 2015, 28(3): 324–329. doi: 10.1111/pcmr.12355
ZHEN Y, YAO L, ZHONG S, et al. Enhanced Th1 and Th17 responses in peripheral blood in active non-segmental vitiligo. Arch. Dermatol. Res., 2016, 308: 703–710. doi: 10.1007/s00403-016-1690-3
SUSHAMA S, DIXIT N, GAUTAM RK, et al. Cytokine profile (IL‐2, IL‐6, IL‐17, IL‐22, and TNF‐α) in vitiligo—new insight into pathogenesis of disease. J. Cosmet. Dermatol., 2019, 18(1): 337–341. doi: 10.1111/jocd.12517
GOMES IA, DE CARVALHO FO, DE MENEZES AF, et al. The role of interleukins in vitiligo: a systematic review. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatology Venereol., 2018, 32(12): 2097–2111. doi: 10.1111/jdv.15016
BECATTI M, FIORILLO C, BARYGINA V, et al. SIRT 1 regulates MAPK pathways in vitiligo skin: insight into the molecular pathways of cell survival. J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2014, 18(3): 514–529. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12206
ZHOU T, LI D, & DENG Y. Update on the role of noncoding RNAs in vitiligo. Chin. Med. J. (Engl)., 2022, 135(7): 793–795, doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000001900
ZHANG S, YANG X, ZHANG Z, et al. Expression patterns of long non-coding RNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of non-segmental vitiligo. Med. (United States), 2021, 100(51): 1–8, doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000028399
KEMP EH, and WEETMAN AP. Melanin-concentrating hormone and melanin-concentrating hormone receptors in mammalian skin physiopathology. Peptides, 2009, 30(11): 2071–2075. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2009.04.025
DOSS RW, ELRIFAIE AA, MAMDOUH NM, & SABRY D. Expression of long noncoding RNA in skin exosomes of patients with vitiligo. J. Egypt. Women’s Dermatologic Soc., 2020, 17(3): 158–163, doi: 10.4103/JEWD.JEWD_31_20
KURU O, SOLAK TEKİN N, ÖZEL TÜRKCÜ Ü, et al. SIRT1 Gene Polymorphisms and the Risk of Vitiligo: Molecular Association and in Silico Approach. Batı Karadeniz Tıp Derg., 2023, 7(1): 1–8, doi: 10.29058/mjwbs.1223300
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.